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Crab-eating macaque
The crab-eating macaque (''Macaca fascicularis''), also known as the long-tailed macaque, is a cercopithecine primate native to Southeast Asia. It is referred to as the cynomolgus monkey in laboratories.〔 It has a long history alongside humans;〔 they have been alternately seen as agricultural pests,〔 sacred animals in some temples,〔 and more recently, the subject of medical experiments.〔 The crab-eating macaque lives in matrilineal social groups with a female dominance hierarchy,〔 and male members leave the group when they reach puberty.〔 They are opportunistic omnivores 〔 and have been documented using tools to obtain food in Thailand and Myanmar.〔 The crab-eating macaque is a known invasive species and a threat to biodiversity in several locations, including Hong Kong and western New Guinea.〔 The significant overlap in macaque and human living space has resulted in greater habitat loss,〔 synanthropic living, and inter- and intraspecies conflicts over resources.
==Etymology==
''Macaca'' comes from the Portuguese word ''macaco'', which was derived from ''makaku'', a Fiot (West African language) word (''kaku'' means monkey in Fiot). The specific epithet ''fascicularis'' is Latin for a small band or stripe. Sir Thomas Raffles, who gave the animal its scientific name in 1821, did not specify what he meant by the use of this word.
In Indonesia and Malaysia, ''M. fascicularis'' and other macaque species are known generically as ''kera'', possibly because of their high-pitched cries.
The crab-eating macaque has several common names. It is often referred to as the long-tailed macaque due to its tail, which is often longer than its body. The name crab-eating macaque refers to its being often seen foraging beaches for crabs. Another common name for ''M. fascicularis'' is the cynomolgus monkey, which literally means dog-skin or dog-hide monkey; this name is commonly used in laboratory settings.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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